活用高级文法破解TOEFL复杂长句

活用高级文法破解TOEFL复杂长句

课程介绍与工具书目

 

●针对台湾英文教育弱点:

研究生, 大学教师与专业人士必备的技能之一﹐就是阅读知识性与学术性的英文期刊和书籍, 以保持精进与成长, 务必与全球同步. 除了相当的学识程度之外﹐当事人也一定要具备相当的英文程度﹐可以快速分解复杂的句构﹐判断出主句、子句、修饰词语﹐以及主词、动词在哪里﹐才能够正确理解其意思。若不具备此一能力﹐只能用猜测与揣度的方式﹐而误解了原文。本课程的目标之一﹐就是传授破解这类复杂句子的过程与技巧。此一课程有心得之后, 对台湾很多的现象---学术书籍的中译本错误很多, 很多教授与硕博士班学生无法阅读或者严重误读英文学术书籍或期刊---就会了然于胸.

 

●上课内容:

采用高知识涵量的超复杂长句(50—100字)为上课内容，进行结构破解与阅读，训练高难度之学术型文句之阅读与理解，同时学习夹带的各学科知识。有助大幅提升专业期刊与学术书籍的阅读理解能力与翻译速度，大大降低硕博士班课业压力，乃研究生或留学者的学术英文预备课程，而且有助争取TOEFL、GRE与IELTS高分和英检高级过关。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　

 

●讲义打印;

点阅青年服务社网站馆前教室高级英文班廷建士老师专栏，
自行打印例句预习，自行试看看如何破解。老师在上课进行破解过程。若讲义尚未贴上，请电２３８１９１６５转２３２林律均２４９韵竹２４５惠卿　２４１梁组长。

 

●时数:

每梯次7周, 每周2.5小时; 上课日期与收费依正式简章为准.

 

●适合对象:

本课程特别适合正在国内外攻读或准备攻读跨国人文.社会.行为学科.法政.财经学科,与国际关系.区域研究及全球化研究的硕博士班学员, 以及在专业领域精进的社会人士。由于目前各类高级考试的阅读测验范围涵盖甚广, 而且专业用字用语愈来愈多, 段落与结构也愈来愈长且愈难, 本课程也适合增进英检高级与优级的实力,并在TOEFL　GRE　 IELTS与GEPT高级提高成绩.

 

●选修建议:

同学最好具有PBT纸笔托福560 (CBT计算机托福220、最新制IBT托福测验83)、IELTS阅读 6.5或全民英检中高级复试及格以上程度。文法尚待加强者，请优先选修中级文法课程。

 

●例句一

While attending Cannes film festival, Sharon Stone, the actress famous for her poses and body gestures provoking burning sex desires and philanthropically active campaigns for the victims inflicted by AIDS and Tibetans devastated by Communist China, bluntly said that the earthquake in China killing sixty-five thousand people and making five millions displaced was "karma", a notion in Hinduism and Buddhism that implicitly argued that the hyper-deadly quake was a recompense for the evil China had done to the others, particularly to Tibetans.

 

●例句二

To test whether or not what has been working in Mexico in the past decade can be applied to the circumstances in the US, the New York City, which many people across the developing world regard as a beacon of prosperity, is encouraging several pilot programmes partly funded by a charity run by Michael Bloomberg, the mayor who bears the same name with a prestigious news agency establishd by himself and devoted to business and finance reports, that offer cash to families and teachers for improving performance in health and education.

 

●活用高级文法破解示范(上课时由老师当场破解):

Covenant marriage ensconces in the law the ideal that marriage is to be life-long and incorporates legal obligations that constitute a more binding commitment by the spouses from the beginning of their marriage, by a declaration of intent, and throughout the duration of their marriage, by agreeing to take all necessary steps, including marriage counseling, if difficulties arise during the marriage.

 

• 结构破解
  

 

Covenant marriage ensconces

 

in the law

 

the ideal

 

that marriage is to be life-long

 

and incorporates legal obligations

 

(that constitute a more binding commitment)

 

by the spouses

 

from the beginning of their marriage,

 

by a declaration of intent,

 

and

 

throughout the duration of their marriage,

 

by agreeing to take all necessary steps,

 

including marriage counseling,

if difficulties arise during the marriage.

 

１﹑一定要先找出主要结构，红色部份就是主结构。

 

２﹑第一个小括号的that marriage is to be life-long 是个名词子句，说明the ideal 的内容。

 

３﹑第二个小括号是一个关系子句，修饰obligations。

 

４﹑严格来说，第二个小括号到末尾是一个很长的关系子句，子句的主词为that, 其先行词为obligations。

 

５﹑by the spouses 介系词词组当形容词，说明commitment 是谁做的。

 

６﹑from the beginning of their marriage 介系词词组，当时间副词。

 

７、by a declaration of intent 介系词词组，当副词用，说明在婚姻一开始是藉由何种办法来约束配偶双方。

 

８、throughout the duration of their marriage介系词词组，当时间副词。

 

９、by agreeing to take all necessary steps介系词词组，当副词用，说明在婚姻延续期间，是藉由何种办法来约束配偶双方。

 

• 破解成为数个源头句
  

 

１、Covenant marriage ensconces in the law the ideal and incorporates legal obligations. （主结构句）

 

２、The ideal is that marriage is to be life-long.

 

３、The legal obligations constitute a more binding commitment.

 

４、The commitment is made by the spouses.

 

５、The commitment is made from the beginning of their marriage by a declaration of intent.

 

６、And the commitment is made throughout the duration of their marriage by agreeing to take all necessary steps.

 

７、The steps include marriage counseling, if difficulties arise during the marriage.

 

• 参考译文
  

 

 Covenant marriage ensconces in the law the ideal that marriage is to be life-long and incorporates legal obligations that constitute a more binding commitment by the spouses from the beginning of their marriage, by a declaration of intent, and throughout the duration of their marriage, by agreeing to take all necessary steps, including marriage counseling, if difficulties arise during the marriage.

 

「誓约婚姻」在法律中揭橥婚姻将是白头偕老之理想，并把新人打从新婚伊始所作、构成一项较有约束力之承诺的法定义务纳入，以一份意愿书，且终其婚姻持续期间，同意如果这段期间出现难题，会采取包括婚姻辅导的一切必要措施，。

 

• 补充说明
  

  １﹑covenant marriage誓约婚姻，美国某些州为了因应离婚率过高、社会问题严重，而研拟出来的新的婚姻型式。双方必须经过婚前辅导，以一份定型化契约为准，修改为双方合意而签署。
  

  
   

  ２﹑binding 有约束力的，non-binding 不具约束力的，legally binding 具法律约束力的。
  

  
   

３﹑intent 意图、意向、目的，letter of intent 意向书，契约用语。

 

●参考书目:

Correct Writing （内容为全部英文，书林出版）

美国 D. C. HEATH and COMPANY 授权书林在台湾印制及贩卖.

远东新英文法中阶 (陈纯音着, 远东)

远东新英文法高阶 (陈纯音着, 远东)

ADVANCED GRAMMAR IN USE—(CAMBRIDGE 出版, 书林代理)

 

一般辞典

英汉大辞典
（陆谷孙编，大字圣经纸本，东华）──目前较好的英汉大字典，

很大本，很贵。

 

MACMILLAN DICTIONARY OF ENGLISH FOR ADVANCED LEARNERS （橘色封面，书林代理）

COLLINS-COBUILD ADVANCED LEARNER'S ENGLISH DICTIONARY-

（蓝色，书林代理）

OXFORD ADVANCED LEARNER'S DICTOINARY (蓝色，敦煌代理)

LONGMAN DICTIONARY OF CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH（蓝色，培生）

CAMBRIDGE ADVANCE LEARNER'S DICTIONARY （蓝色，书林代理）

________此乃英语世界五大品牌的学习字典，为英美高中生必用,

最好拥有１－２本。如果英英阅读能力差，可从最简单的MACMILLAN开始。

 

Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary--Eleventh Edition (红色，书林代理)

Collins English Dictionary--21 Century Edition (蓝色，书林代理)

The Random House Dictionary of English Language—Unabridged Edition (Random House)
此乃英美大学生使用的综合性辞典